Igenzura ry'izuba ni iki?
Igenzura ry'izuba (rizwi kandi nk'izuba rikoresha ingufu z'izuba) ni umugenzuzi ugenga uburyo bwo kwishyuza no gusohora muri sisitemu y'izuba.
Igikorwa nyamukuru cyumucungamutungo ni ukugenzura imiyoboro yumuriro uva mumwanya wa PV ujya kuri bateri, bigatuma imiyoboro itemba itaba ndende cyane kugirango banki ya batiri itarenza urugero.
Ubwoko bubiri bwumuriro wizuba
MPPT & PWM
MPPT na PWM byombi nuburyo bwo kugenzura ingufu zikoreshwa nabashinzwe kwishyuza kugirango bagenzure imigendekere yumuriro uva mumirasire yizuba kuri bateri.
Mugihe amashanyarazi ya PWM asabwa kuba ahendutse kandi afite igipimo cyo guhindura 75%, charger ya MPPT ihenze cyane kugura, MPPT iheruka irashobora ndetse no kongera igipimo cyo guhindura kugeza kuri 99%.
Umugenzuzi wa PWM mubyukuri ni switch ihuza imirasire yizuba na bateri.Igisubizo nuko voltage ya array izakururwa hafi ya voltage ya bateri.
Umugenzuzi wa MPPT araruhije cyane (kandi ahenze cyane): azahindura voltage yinjira kugirango akure ingufu ntarengwa ziva mumirasire y'izuba, hanyuma ahindure izo mbaraga mubisabwa bitandukanye bya voltage kuri bateri n'umutwaro.Rero, mubyukuri ikuramo voltage ya array hamwe na bateri, kuburyo, kurugero, hari bateri ya 12V kuruhande rumwe rwumucungamutungo wa MPPT hamwe na panne ihujwe mukurikirane kugirango ikore 36V kurundi ruhande.
Itandukaniro hagati ya MPPT & PWM igenzura imirasire yizuba mugukoresha
Igenzura rya PWM rikoreshwa cyane cyane kuri sisitemu ntoya ifite imikorere yoroshye nimbaraga nke.
Igenzura rya MPPT rikoreshwa kuri sisitemu ntoya, iringaniye, nini nini ya PV, naho MPPT igenzura ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo hagati nini nini ifite ibisabwa byinshi, nka sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi.
Igenzura ridasanzwe rya MPPT rikoreshwa muri sisitemu ntoya ya gride, abakarani, ubwato, amatara yo kumuhanda, amaso ya elegitoronike, sisitemu ya Hybrid, nibindi.
Byombi PWM na MPPT birashobora gukoreshwa kuri sisitemu ya 12V 24V 48V, ariko iyo sisitemu wattage iri hejuru, umugenzuzi wa MPPT ni amahitamo meza.
Abagenzuzi ba MPPT banashyigikira sisitemu nini nini ya voltage nini hamwe nizuba rikurikirana, bityo bikagabanya cyane imikoreshereze yizuba.
Itandukaniro Ryishyurwa rya MPPT & PWM Imirasire y'izuba
Ubugari bwa pulse ubugari bwa tekinoroji yishyuza bateri mugihe cyicyiciro 3 cyagenwe (ubwinshi, kureremba, no kwinjiza).
Ikoranabuhanga rya MPPT ni impinga ikurikirana kandi irashobora gufatwa nkibyiciro byinshi.
Imikorere yo guhindura ingufu za generator ya MPPT iri hejuru ya 30% ugereranije na PWM.
PMW ikubiyemo inzego 3 zo kwishyuza:
Amafaranga yishyurwa;Kwishyuza Absorption;Amashanyarazi
Aho kwishyuza kureremba aribwo bwa nyuma mubyiciro 3 byo kwishyuza, bizwi kandi nka trickle charge, kandi ni ugukoresha amafaranga make kuri bateri ku gipimo gito kandi muburyo buhamye.
Batteri nyinshi zishobora kwishyurwa zitakaza ingufu zimaze kwishyurwa byuzuye.Ibi biterwa no kwirekura.Niba amafaranga akomeje kugabanurwa kumuyoboro muke nkuwisuzumisha wenyine, amafaranga arashobora kugumaho.
MPPT ifite kandi ibyiciro 3 byo kwishyuza, kandi bitandukanye na PWM, MPPT ifite ubushobozi bwo guhita ihindura amashanyarazi ukurikije imiterere ya PV.
Bitandukanye na PWM, icyiciro kinini cyo kwishyuza gifite voltage ihamye.
Iyo urumuri rwizuba rukomeye, imbaraga zisohoka za selile PV ziyongera cyane kandi amashanyarazi (Voc) arashobora kugera vuba kurugero.Nyuma yibyo, bizahagarika kwishyuza MPPT hanyuma bihindure uburyo burigihe bwo kwishyuza.
Iyo urumuri rw'izuba rugabanutse kandi bigoye gukomeza guhorana umuriro, bizahinduka kuri MPPT.hanyuma uhindure kubuntu kugeza voltage kuruhande rwa bateri izamutse kuri voltage yuzuye Ur hanyuma bateri ihinduranya umuriro wa voltage uhoraho.
Muguhuza amashanyarazi ya MPPT hamwe no guhora-kwishyuza no guhinduranya byikora, ingufu zizuba zirashobora gukoreshwa byuzuye.
Umwanzuro
Muncamake, ntekereza ko inyungu za MPPT aribyiza, ariko charger ya PWM nayo irasabwa nabantu bamwe.
Ukurikije ibyo ushobora kubona: dore umwanzuro wanjye:
Abagenzuzi ba MPPT bakwiranye neza na ba nyirubwite bashakisha umugenzuzi ushobora gukora imirimo isaba (ingufu zo murugo, ingufu za RV, ubwato, hamwe ninganda zikoresha amashanyarazi).
Abashinzwe kwishyuza PWM bakwiranye neza na progaramu ntoya ya gride ya power idasaba ikindi kintu icyo aricyo cyose kandi ifite bije nini.
Niba ukeneye gusa ibintu byoroheje kandi byubukungu bigenzura sisitemu ntoya, noneho abagenzuzi ba PWM niwowe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-04-2023